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人教高考英语词汇辨析500例B,http://www.170xue.com
【Keys】was made in; is made of ;was made in ;is made from;was made by;is made up of◆ be used for/be used as/be used by
◇ be used for表示“被用作……”或“被用来作……”,后面接名词或v-ing,其中for表示目的。
◇ be used as表示“作为……而用”或“用作……”,后面接名词或动词不定式,强调使用的工具及手段。
◇ be used by表示“由……使用”,后面接指人的名词或代词,强调使用者。
【练习】用be used for,be used as或be used by填空。 ①A telephonebetter communication(交流). ②The motorbikeLiu Ming. ③A ruleroftena knife by him to cut a piece of paper open.
【Keys】is used for;is used by;is,used as
◆ be pleased with; be pleased at(或about);be pleased to
1) The manager ___ you before.
2) My boss must ___ see you again in HongKong.
3) I ___ seeing so many students present.
4) I hear Mr Zhao ___ your article.
析: ①was pleased with。表示“对……满意;喜欢……”后面通常接指人的名词或代词。 ②be pleased to。表示“很高兴或很乐意做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,后面接动词原形。 ③am pleased at(或about)。be pleased at(或about)表示“对(看到或听到的)事感到高兴,”后面接指事的名词或v-ing。④is pleased at(或about)。解析同③。
◆ be to do sth;be about to do sth;be going to do sth.
◇ be to do sth.表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,后可跟时间状语。如:
You're to hand in your papers by 10 o'clock.十点钟以前你得交上试卷。
◇be about to do sth.表示打算或安排即将发生的动作,它通常不与时间状语连用。如:
I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door.我正要出去,这时有人敲门。
◇ be going to do sth.有三层含义:
①表示打算、计划或决定要做某事。如:
We're going to spend our holidays in Wales this year. 今年我们打算到威尔士度假。
②用以表示某事物即将发生或很可能发生。如:
I'm going to be twenty next month. 下个月我就二十岁了。
③有迹象表明即将发生的动作或状态。如:
Look at those black clouds, there is going to be a storm. 瞧那些乌云,暴风雨就要来了。
◆ beat; strike; hit
◇ strike通常表示“打一下、打若干下”,不一定都是有意的;还有“打动、使……着迷、某种想法突然闪现在脑海里”的含义;也可指“打、擦出(火),(蛇、兽)抓,咬,或(钟)敲响”。
◇ hit指“打中”或“对准……来打”,“敲打或打击对方的某一点”。
◇ beat着重“连续地打击”。如:殴打或体罚;也指在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方;也指“心跳”。
◆ blame; scold
blame“责备;责怪”,指某人应对自己不好的行为负责(常与for连用),或将某件不好的事情归咎于他人(常与on或upon连用),往往含有把自己当作评判人来评判某事,没有用言语来进行责骂的意思。例如:
He blamed Tom for the failure.他责怪汤姆造成了失败。
Don't blame it on him, but on me.别怪他,该怪我。
◇ scold“责骂”,指唠唠叨叨地数说某人,多用于上级对下级、长辈对晚辈的“责骂”。例如:
Don't scold the child.It's not his fault. 不要责骂那孩子,这不是他的过失。
I hate to scold, son, but you mustn't stay out so late at night.
我不喜欢斥责,孩子,可你不该呆在外面那么晚不回家。
◆ blow down; blow in; blow off; blow over ◇ blow down表示“吹倒”、“刮倒”;blow in表示“吹进”、“吹入”;blow off表示“吹掉”、“炸掉”、“发泄”;blow over表示“暴风雨吹散”、“过去”、“结束”。
[EXERCISES]
1) The high winds yesterday _____ thousands of trees. 2) We sometimes had quarrels, but they soon _____. 3) I had my hat ____ by the wind. 4) A lot of dust ____.You must clear it away. Key: 1) blew down2) blew over3) blown off4) has blown in
◆ break up; break down; break out; break into; break in; break away; break through
◇ break up表示“打碎”、“变坏”、“分解”、“终止”、“破裂”。
◇ break down表示“瓦解”、“分解”、“失败”、“出故障”、“破坏”、“拆毁”。
◇ break out表示“爆发”、“突然发生”。
◇ break into表示“强行进入”、“闯入”、“破门而入”、“打断(谈话、讨论)”、“突然……起来”。
◇ break in表示“闯入”、“打断”、“插嘴”,其中in是副词。
◇ break away表示“脱逃”、“脱离”、“突然离开”、“革除”、“戒除”,常与from连用。
◇ break through表示“战胜”、“突围”、“穿过……而出现”、“突破”。
[练]
①He said his computer _____.
②Those old cars will be ____ for scrap(废铁).
③Last night somebody ____ Mr Brown's house and took away many things.
④A fire ____ after we had gone home.
⑤The boy often ____ while his parents are speaking.
⑥You must ____ from bad habits.
⑦After the heavy rain the sun ____ the clouds.
⑧A thief ____ and stole a lot of things last night.
⑨Tom ____the motor bike which he bought five years ago.
⑩The ice began to ____ on the river.
(Key:①had broken down②broken up③broke into④broke out⑤breaks in
⑥break away⑦broke through⑧broke in⑨broke down⑩break up)
◆ bring on;bring in;bring out
◇ bring on 使发生;引起;端上(饭菜)。如:
Tom often brings on meals and his brother,Jim picks up the dishes after meals.
汤姆常常端上饭菜,(而)他弟弟吉姆饭后收拾碗碟。
The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again. 天气突然变冷,使他再次感冒。
◇ bring in 引来;引进;吸收。如:
His new business brings in 1,000 dollars. 他的新生意使他赚了一千美元。
We also brought in some words from English. 我们也从英语中吸收了一些词汇。
◇ bring out 取出;说出;阐明;出版。如:
He brought out his gun and pointed at me.他掏出枪来指着我。
Bring out the meaning more clearly.请把意思讲清楚些。
They have brought out a set of children’s books.他们出版了一套儿童读物。
◆ bring down; bring back; bring up; bring in ◇ bring down表示“使倒下”、“减少”、“降低(价格、温度)”;◇ bring back表示“使回想起”、“归还”、“带回来”;◇ bring up表示“呕吐出”、“养育”;◇ bring in表示“把......引进来”、“赚入”、“获利”、“把......拿进来”、“吸收”。
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,人教高考英语词汇辨析500例B