高考英语重点句型分析（三十九）

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高考英语重点句型分析（三十九）

　　1．While walking the dog， you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。

　　While walking the dog＝While you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。

　　在when， while， if， as if， though， as， where， unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。

　　①When (I was) in Japan， I took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。

　　②While (I was) waiting， I read newspapers.我边等待，边看报纸。

　　③If (it were) not for you， we would not go there.要不是为你，我们就不会去那儿了。

　　④He looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。

　　⑤She went on working though (she was) exhausted.尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。

　　⑥Fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所给词填空，必要的地方改变形式。

　　⑦I won‘t go unless (I‘m) invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去。

　　[即境活用1]

　　When first ______ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.

　　A．introducing 　 B．introduced

　　C．introduce 　 D．being introduced

　　解析：将从句补全应为When these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语一致且从句中有be，可以省略主语和be。

　　答案：B

　　2．...tell him/her that he/she should have studied...……告诉他/她本该学习……

　　should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldn‘t have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。

　　①You should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。

　　②You shouldn‘t have told him about it.你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。

　　拓展：

　　其他“情态动词＋have＋done”结构：

　　(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定……”。

　　(2)can‘t/couldn‘t have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能……”。

　　(3)needn‘t have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做……”。

　　(4)ought (not) to have done＝should (not) have done

　　(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了……”。

　　(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做……”。

　　(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做……”。

　　[即境活用2]

　　Oh， I‘m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried chicken just now.

　　A．shouldn‘t eat 　　　　　　B．mustn‘t have eaten

　　C．shouldn‘t have eaten 　　D．mustn‘t eat

　　解析：由just now可知，本题谈论过去之事。谈论过去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推测只用于肯定句中，shouldn’t have done表说话之前不应该做某事，但事实上却做了，含有责备的口气。

　　答案：C

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　　3．...it was the first time in a year and a half that I‘d seen the night face to face...……这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚……

　　It is/was the first time(that)．..这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second， third等，以表达不同的意义。

　　①This is the fourth time she‘s rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。

　　②It was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。

　　③It will be the second time that I have got the prize.那将是我第二次获得该奖。

　　提示：

　　(1)It is the first time that...后接现在完成时；It was the first time that...后接过去完成时；It will be the first time that...后接现在完成时。

　　(2)the first time可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。

　　The first time I saw her， my heart stopped.我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。

　　(3)for the first time意为“第一次”，单独用做状语。

　　He was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。

　　[即境活用3]

　　—Have you ever been here before?

　　—No. This is the first time that I ______ to the Great Wall.

　　A．comes　　 B．have been

　　C．came 　　D．had come

　　解析：This is the first time that...之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。

　　答案：B

　　4．Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。

　　“with＋n.＋形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。

　　①He lay on his back， with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺着，眼瞅着天空。

　　②With his homework done， he went out to play.完成作业，他就出去玩了。

　　③With the guide to lead us， we‘ll have no difficulty finding his house.有导游带路，我们将不费力地找到他家。

　　④He came in， with a book in his hand.他手里拿着一本书走了进来。

　　⑤He is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已经习惯了开着窗户睡觉。

　　⑥He often sleeps with the light on.他经常开着灯睡觉。

　　[即境活用4]

　　______ five minutes ______ before the last bus left， we arrived at the station.

　　A．There were; go　　 B．With; to go

　　C．It was; left 　　　　D．It had; left

　　解析：本题考查with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。本题用不定式做宾补表示将来的动作。句意：在最后一班公交车离开的前五分钟，我们到了车站。

　　答案：B

，高考英语重点句型分析（三十九）