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高二英语语法总结之-ing分词的构成(一)

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  His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。

  She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.

  她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。

  ④-ing分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如:

  They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星。

  Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.

  年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。

  ⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个状语从句。如:

  A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.

  一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。

  Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。

  注:-ing分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。

  ⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语,表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如:

  His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移,他的头发变花白了。

  Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。

  6) -ing分词作补语:

  ①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语,作宾语补语。如:

  I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.

  我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。

  Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.

  昨晚,店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。

  ②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态,这时,-ing分词可看成是主语补语。如:

  We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。

  Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。

  5. -ing分词的复合结构:

  -ing分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,通常在句中作主语和宾语。如:

  His coming made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高。

  He was awakened by someone’s knocking at the door. 他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。

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