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中考英语知识点:冠词

12-20 22:51:02  浏览次数:606次  栏目:初三英语语法

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  中考英语知识点:冠词

  一、冠词的基本含义及分类。

  冠词是放在所说明的名词之前的词,说明名词所指的人或事物,是虚词,在句中不可独立使用。

  冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种,不定冠词是a和an,定冠词是the.

  二、不定冠词的用法。

  不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前,表示“一”的意义。

  1)a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,而不一定是元音字母前。如: an hour, a useful book, an animal , an old building , a university.

  2)a和an用在单数可数名词前,强调的是名词的类别,而不强调数。如:

  A dog is our good friend .(狗是我们的好朋友)

  A plane is a machine that can fly.(飞机是一种能飞的机器)

  3)用于第一次提到的人或事物前面,不表示特定的人或事物。如:

  A man came to see you yesterday.(昨天有个人来找你)

  4)用于表示长度、时间、价格等词之前,表示计量单位,“一”的意思。如:

  It is a foot long. (它有一英尺长)This is an apple .(这是一个苹果)

  5)用在固定的词组中。如:

  a few, a little, in a hurry(匆忙),a lot of, a number of, once upon a time(从前), a moment later(一会儿以后), as a result(结果), have a good time, have a cold, take a rest(休息)等。

  三、定冠词的用法。

  定冠词the表示某人或某些特指的人或事物,它可以与可数名词的单、复数连用,也可以与不可数名词连用。

  1)表示特定的人或事物。如:The girl in green is Mary .The bag on the desk is mine.

  2)用在说话双方都知道的人或事物前面。如:Let‘s go to the classroom .

  Put it under the table . Close the door, please .

  3) 用在上文提到过的人和事物的前面。如:This is a room. In the room, there‘s a bed .

  I have an interesting book . And I like the book.

  4) 用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位名词前。如:the sun, the moon, the earth, on the right

  5) 用在序数词、形容词、副词的最高级和only所修饰的名词前面。如:

  This is the nicest of all !He is the first to come .He is the only boy in his family .

  注意:①有时序数词也可用a,表示在有前面几个的情况下,又出现的第几个。如:

  There‘s a third boy. He‘s very tall .

  Although his parents have three cars, they still want to have a fourth one .

  ②副词最高级修饰动词时,可不带定冠词。如:

  I must finish that first.

  6) 用在国家、党派、团体、机关等词组之前。如:the United States, the working class.

  7) 用在乐器名词前。如:play the piano .

  8) 用在单数名词前或形容词连用表示某一类人或事物。如:the young, the old, the poor .

  9) 用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示一家人。如:The Kings are having breakfast .

  10)用在以festival组成的民间节日前。如:the Spring Festival .

  11) 用在一些固定的词组中。如:in the morning, in front of , at the end of, by the way 等。

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  四、不用冠词的用法。

  1)在人名、地名、节日、季节、月份、星期前,不用冠词。如:

  Lucy, China, May Day, winter, April, Monday.

  2)当名词前有物主代词、指示代词不定代词或名词所有格修饰时,不用冠词。如:my cat, that car.

  3)在三餐、球类、棋类、游戏名称前,不用冠词。如:play football, We have lunch at school.

  4)与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前,不用冠词。如:by bus, by car .

  5)在某些固定词组中。如:at home, go to bed, in time, at noon, on time , in fact.等。

  提示:sit at table(就餐),sit at the table(坐在桌边), go to school(去上学), go to the school(去那所学校), in hospital(住院), in the hospital(在医院), in front of(在物体外部的前面) , in the front of(在物体内部的前面)。

  冠词练习

  1. It takes us     hour or more to go to my hometown by     train .

  2. I heard from him before     New Year‘s Day and wrote back duringSpring Festival .

  3. He sends us newspapers in     morning and in     evening . And our letters usually arrive    noon.

  4.     winter is     best time for     football.

  5. When she reached     home , she had a short rest and a glass of water .

  6. She made     way to the hospital by bike yesterday after school .

  7. What did you do on     Mother‘s Day ?

  8.     apple grows on     tree .

  9.     rich get richer and     poor get poorer.

  10. He works five days     week .

  11. I like     music , but I don‘t likemusic of the film .

  12. There‘s     “h” in the word “hour” .

  13. Mr. Smith works in     hospital .     hospital is very big .

  14. English is     useful language . His father is teaching in     university .

  15. Rose has     uncle . He is learning     useful language .

  16. Doctor Wang invented     tool      .tool can help people clean the windows .

  17. It‘s     interesting book .

  18. There is     boy in the picture .     boy is     American.

  19. You mustn‘t play     football in the street .

  20. There is     “u” in the word “use” .

  21. Who is     woman standing on the playground ?

  22. Could you play     piano when you were five ?

  23.Do you think it all right to buy him ___ bike as ___ birthday present?

  24. They spent ______hour seeing ________film called “ Titanic”

  25. There‘s _______ “u” and _______ “s” in _______ word “use”.

  A. an, a, the  B. a, a, a  C. a, an, the  D. the, the, the

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  26. There is ____ tall tree in ____ front of our classroom.

  A. a, /  B. a, the  C. the, the  D. /, /

  27. He had tried twice, and the teacher asked him to have ____ third try.

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